The Factors That Disrupt My Dream Of Earning Higher Education

Since, it is not very long ago, a young refugee, living in a refugee camp for more than two decades of my life. I never have a big and many dreams because dreaming is not among the things that the refugees typically think about it. However, I have one dream to earn a higher education. Spending exiled life, there are several different factors that disrupt me to chase my dream of earning higher education. For example, financial difficulties, health problems, opportunity, and daily needs. Suddenly, a big change comes to me, when I got the opportunity to come United States in September 2011 with the help of the International Organization for Migration. My first place that I came to the United States is Syracuse New York. As I arrived in Syracuse I got an opportunity to go to school, and I start at Onondaga Community College for my higher education in spring 2012 and I graduated from Onondaga Community College in Spring 2014. After I graduate from Onondaga Community College, I attended W hitman School Of Management at Syracuse University for my Bachelors where I studied double major as Finance and Accounting. Now, this is my final term at the Whitman School of Management at Syracuse University. I want to pursue masters of Science in nursing at University of Rochester because the masters program at University of Rochester perfectly fits my dream of earning higher education and being health professional. After my degree I want to serve in my own community, which has a veryShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Music On Deaf Culture And How Has The Music Industry Progressed Through Providing For The Hearing Impaired3881 Words   |  16 PagesSAE Institute Oxford SAE 501: Written Assignment A written essay on WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF MUSIC EDUCATION IN DEAF CULTURE AND HOW HAS THE MUSIC INDUSTRY PROGRESSED IN PROVIDING FOR THE HEARING IMPAIRED. Jude Menezes 17970 ADHE0914 Assignment code WA BA/BSc (Hons) Audio Production 13 August 2015 Word count: 4079 Module Leader/Lecturer: Marc Rose ABSTRACT: The purpose of this essay is to examine, the notion of music being a part of a deaf individual’s life may seem contradictoryRead MoreGender Pay Gap14271 Words   |  58 Pagescan be explained by such factors as women s choices of occupation and the amount of time they spend in the labor force. Meanwhile, a class-action suit charging Wal-Mart Stores with gender bias in pay and promotions — the biggest sex-discrimination lawsuit in U.S. history — may be heading for the Supreme Court. 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Socrates And Nietzsche Ethics - 823 Words

Socrates and Nietzsche: Ethics Jacqueline Sanchez Introduction to Ethics Professor Watts May 12, 2016 Friedrich Nietzsche was born in Friedrich, Germany in 1844, later died in 1900. Nietzsche literature and history philosophy was considered to be worst sophist. All moral philosophers have been soporific, misleading. In other words, do not believe in just anything a â€Å"God† tell you because there is no God. Nietzsche was a moral theorist as new moral theorist many try to adopt moral theory and add science aspects. But not consider idea of conscience in same way as former moral theorist have in the past. Being a moral theorist in regards to actually raises doubt that there is such thing as morality. There are two known moralities, Master and Slave morality. These moralities came based on what Nietzsche said, â€Å"to be a human is to be a beast, and tube a superior beast, a person must be able to attack, control, happiness, exploit the weak. All societies have a class and within the class, known as ruling caste. The ruling caste originated from barbarian caste i n state of nature. Where violence and power is wanted greatly. The hire you are in the caste you are considered to have more power, or in Nietzsche case you have more knowledge. Having more knowledge is the only way a person can reach true happiness. Nietzsche created these steps to Astuteness moral castration. The steps consist of making virtue the goal, set up standards for the virtue, opponents are ungodly, sufferingShow MoreRelatedAristotle And Aristotle s Theory Of Moral Virtue1229 Words   |  5 PagesNietzsche and Aristotle were two of the most significant philosopher of not only their time but their works has lasted throughout the centuries to influence even some today’s greatest minds. Their works however could not be any separated, Aristotle is a prominent figure in ancient Greek philosophy, making contributions to logic, metaphysics, mathematics, physics, biology, botany, ethics, politics, agriculture, medicine, dance and theatre. He was a student of great thinker s such as Plato and SocratesRead MorePlato, Nietzsche, And Aristotles Theory Of Political Philosophy1670 Words   |  7 Pagestheory is the study of concepts that allows for the analytical study of relationships between political institutions. Over the centuries, political theorists have established renditions of what political theory is. This essay will focus on Plato, Nietzsche, and Aristotle, and their works, which respectively define the concepts of the common good and the significance of philosophers to the welfare of the state, self-deceiving intellect and the power of authority over our intellectual lives, and theRead MoreNietzsche997 Words   |  4 Pagesother maxims in our rationality. However, Nietzsche ascribed to neither of these views. Born in 1844, Nietzsche was influenced by Darwin and philosophers such as Schopenhauer. His moral theory mirrored more that of Humes in sticking to the tenants of naturalism than it resembled deontological theories such as Kants. The 18 th century philosopher David Hume argued that morality is built on natural sympathy for others. John claims that, like Hume, Nietzsche was a naturalist. However, Ken remains uncertainRead MoreAnalysis of Platos Allegory of the Cave948 Words   |  4 Pageseducation and want of education. It comprises of a fictional dialogue between Platos teacher Socrates and Platos brother Glaucon. Socrates gives a description of a group of people who spent their lifetime facing a blank wall chained to the wall of a cave. These people saw and tried to assign forms of the shadows projected on the wall by things passing in front of a fire behind them. These shadows as put by Socrates, are what the prisoners can view close to reality (Law 2003). He further compares a philosopherRead MoreEssay about The Philosophy of Existentialism1069 Words   |  5 Pages‘The most dangerous follower is he whose defection would destroy the whole party: that is to say, the best follower.’ – Friedr ich Nietzsche Being recognizable and distinctive nowadays is something most individuals seek after. To become important or standing out in any community is not something today’s individuals have created or whatsoever! Ever since the twentieth century and even before, that belief and eagerness to prove your existence has been noticeably present. Not only between common peopleRead MorePhilosophy C100 Quiz 121572 Words   |  7 Pagesmeans? |    | What form of government is best? |    | What is Time? |   X | All of the above. | 3.   An argument is a reason for accepting a position.    X | True |    | False | 4.    The area of philosophy concerned with values includes    | Ethics |    | Aesthetics |    | Social/political philosophy |   X | All of the above |    | None of the above | 5.    Trying to argue that God exists because it says so in the Bible and the Bible is the word of God is an example of the fallacy of:Read More Business Ethics Essay1522 Words   |  7 Pages Business Ethics Ethics is a branch of philosophy that inquires into the nature of ultimate value and the standards by which human actions can be judged right or wrong (â€Å"ethics,† Collegiate). Ethics is not primarily concerned with the description of moral systems in societies. 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Aristotles writings were the first to create a comprehensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing morality, aesthetics

BPHS Essay Example For Students

BPHS Essay Buena Park High SchoolThe Coyotes first became a school on September 11, 1956. This was the third school introduced to Fullerton Union High School District. The first principal was Mr. Richard Spaulding. The population of the high school rose from 508 students to 2,200. The current principal is Mr. Michael Conroy. Buena Park is accredited for the next six-years. This means that graduates went through quality criteria. They are also a Digital High School. This school has a tobacco free campus. They are also a zero tolerance school. 230 credits are required to graduate. Buena Park High School is Californias only magnet school in the area of Aviation Sciences. Their Aviation program is called SOAR, or School of Aviation Research. This program has been implemented for three years now. Cypress College also offers aviation courses at Buena Park High School for students who may receive either high school or college credit. This program is supported by airport administrators. They go on fiel d trips to airports and museums. Steven Segal graduated from Buena Park high school. He is their only famous alumni. The mascot for Buena Park is the coyotes. Their colors are green and white. They have their own football field. The schools address is 8833 Academy Drive, Buena Park, CA 90621. They are in the Freeway League for athletics. This league was formed during the 1958-59 school year. BPHS is the only school to remain in the Freeway League during its entire thirty-seven year history. Today the league includes Buena Park, Fullerton, La Habra, Sonora, Sunny Hills and Troy high schools. There are a few websites for this school but all of them are not working. One is Buenapark.seniorhigh.net. Buena Park has two student publications. These are, The Paw Prints, which is made by the journalism class. There are nine issues of it throughout the duration of the school year. There is also Los Coyotes, the school yearbook. This is made during the spring and is distributed in June. Publications class makes the yearbook. The Coyote Courier is also made for students parents. This is mailed to them. Their Alma Mater is:Hail to our Alma Mater,Ever faithful we will be,Hand in hand we proudly stand, To pledge our loyalty,With noble heart we will do our part,For you we will never fail,Buena Park we proudly sing,Hail, All Hail!Their Fight Song is:Fight on Coyotes, fight, and we will win this fray. Fight on Coyotes, fight, and we will win this game tonight. Hail Green and White, our Alma Mater, on triumphantly. So march right down that field and never yield,Well fight on to victory.

Picassos Melting Clocks Essay Example For Students

Picassos Melting Clocks Essay Since I was a child, I have been completely impressed whenever I look at anything. I have always been especially impressed by things that make me cry of emotion. It seems stupid but has been like this for years. Your feelings are the same. I can not believe I am the first person to make a comment regarding Picassos Melting Clocks masterpiece. The picture is the probably the best painting in the world. I think it is lovely. What I see is an extremely good painting that is bringing new life into the world. I believe the painting is made wisely because if it were any better it would be real. We will write a custom essay on Picassos Melting Clocks specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Whats really so amazing about this painting is that if you stop to think about it, it was actually painted by someone! I must admit that even though I am always impressed when I look at things, at first the Melting Clocks Painting was very disappointing and depressing. But then I was struck by the truth: I realized that this painting was made by a real person who painted it by hand. I thought it was lovely. And now I think the picture is wonderful! It is amazing that people can paint something so wonderful. It is such a great painting that it should be in every art-lovers house. I would pay up to $1000 for this work of art. It is a masterpiece, pure genius! It looks as if Picasso was living inside the picture. It is one of the most beautiful paintings I have ever seen. This painting is wonderful. It makes me like this painter for his feelings and personality. It also makes me know. It astounds me that a mere man could make something so truthful when he is usually so stupid. The clocks are dripping like time itself really drips, when you stop to think about it. But even if you dont want to take the time to understand this theory of mine, you can still appreciate the emotional force of Melting Clocks. I think it is a lovely painting because it has colors. I believe this artwork reveals a great power. It illustrates an overwhelming power. It emanates a vast fragility. You need to wonder whether Picasso holds an expression of regret, dislike of inability, a pure sadness, or a feeling of guilt. I believe that this masterpiece is wonderful. There are a lot of different details in this painting. I feel like I am near the painting when I look at it. Thats because this work is accurately composed. This painting is great. A couple of hours ago I was waiting in line at the ATM, when I overheard some lady say that Picassos Melting Clocks picture gave her the heebee-jeebees. I was appalled. This painting is a problem for her because in her reality she doesnt know how to understand art. She doesnt know how to see honest beauty. It might be freaky, but it is also ingenious. He is not really a psychopath. Look at the fantastic detail of the melting clock. Imagine the dripping of time! This is a beautiful piece of art!!! I am impressed that this painting is so talented. It makes me feel like I know stuff. So do you still think this painting is very ugly? No, nobody can think it is ugly. Apart from being a masterpiece known worldwide, this is also such an erotic shock. The place that is painted gives me this sort of feeling. I feel especially satisfied. I also feel proud of the painting. I understand Picasso because I am a fan. It is quite impressive to see a man who has been dead for many centuries just by looking at one of his paintings. I really enjoy this work because it takes me away, and then when I come back I realize I didnt go anywhere. I think that his work is just wonderful I just love it. Its insight, divine beauty, and vulnerability grasp my mind creating a form of excitement. How beautiful this painting really is. It brings forth the essence of truth. Ultimately, Melting Clocks warms the soul. It is an amazing painting. .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 , .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 .postImageUrl , .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 , .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887:hover , .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887:visited , .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887:active { border:0!important; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887:active , .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887 .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u84203610cfa973d9ade6ae16bd65b887:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Martha Graham - The Picasso of Dance EssayIt makes me want to go research it. I really enjoy this work. It is a fantastic representation. But dont forget that this painting was painted by a person. Thats why, when you look at it, you can see the truth of humanity. I think this painting probably was the culmination of Picassos career. If you try to think about this painting then you will discover that it actually has a true meaning that you can probably understand. I think it is truly a wonder. My reaction to it shows how truly great it is. Another reason that it is the greatest painting in the world is that it was painted by the greatest painter in the world. I think this artwork is the best. I love the way it works on me. I think this painting can be placed in a dictionary to define many words, like beauty, greatness, truth, time, genius, masterpiece, fantastic, amazing, incredible, and even painting. I really like this painting. I think it is the worlds finest masterpiece. This painting is by far the most cherished and appreciated masterpiece ever painted. All I can say is wow. The painting is truly fantastic. It just gives me pure joy. It is beautiful. I love this painting. It is amazing. This is beautiful artwork. It is the best painting in the world. It is my favorite work of all time. It is truly the work of a genius. No other painting is this good. Almost everybody loves this painting. It is really incredible. It is an astounding piece of work. It is a TIMELESS masterpiece. ; In conclusion, This picture is very elegant. It shows the essence of life in a world where time is actually melting away. It is also very precise. I think this was one of his best paintings, but it is definitely the best painting that anyone has ever made. The detail and color that went into this painting are exquisite. This guy is unsurpassed in his masterpieces. He is by far my favorite artist of the Renaissance.

Attempt At Reconstruction Essays - Reconstruction Era, Black Codes

Attempt At Reconstruction First and Second Reconstructions The First and Second Reconstructions held out the great promise of rectifying racial injustices in America. The First Reconstruction, emerging out of the chaos of the Civil War had as its goals equality for Blacks in voting, politics, and use of public facilities. The Second Reconstruction emerging out of the booming economy of the 1950's, had as its goals, integration, the end of Jim Crow and the more amorphous goal of making America a biracial democracy where, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave holders will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. Even though both movements, were borne of high hopes they failed in bringing about their goals. Born in hope, they died in despair, as both movements saw many of their gains washed away. I propose to examine why they failed in realizing their goals. My thesis is that failure to incorporate economic justice for Blacks in both movements led to the failure of the First and Second Reconstruction. The First Reconstruction came after the Civil War and lasted till 1877. The political, social, and economic conditions after the Civil War defined the goals of the First Reconstruction. At this time the Congress was divided politically on issues that grew out of the Civil War: Black equality, rebuilding the South, readmitting Southern states to Union, and deciding who would control government.1 Socially, the South was in chaos. Newly emancipated slaves wandered the South after having left their former masters, and the White population was spiritually devastated, uneasy about what lay ahead. Economically, the South was also devastated: plantations lay ruined, railroads torn up, the system of slave labor in shambles, and cities burnt down. The economic condition of ex-slaves after the Civil War was just as uncertain; many had left former masters and roamed the highways.2 Amid the post Civil War chaos, various political groups were scrambling to further their agendas. First, Southern Democrats, a party comprised of leaders of the confederacy and other wealthy Southern whites, sought to end what they perceived as Northern domination of the South. They also sought to institute Black Codes, by limiting the rights of Blacks to move, vote, travel, and change jobs,3 which like slavery, would provide an adequate and cheap labor supply for plantations. Second, Moderate Republicans wanted to pursue a policy of reconciliation between North and South, but at the same time ensure slavery was abolished.4 Third, Radical Republicans, comprised of Northern politicians, were strongly opposed to slavery, unsympathetic to the South, wanted to protect newly free slaves, and keep there majority in Congress.5 The fourth political element, at the end of the Civil War was President Andrew Johnson whose major goal was unifying the nation. The fifth element were various fringe groups such as, abolitionists and Quakers. Strongly motivated by principle and a belief in equality, they believed that Blacks needed equality in American society, although they differed on what the nature of that should be.6 The Northern Radical Republicans, with a majority in Congress, emerged as the political group that set the goals for Reconstruction which was to prevent slavery from rising again in the South. At first, the Radical Republicans thought this could be accomplished by outlawing slavery with the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment. But Southern Democrats in their quest to restore their rule in the South brought back slavery in all but name, by passing Black Codes as early as 1865. Both Moderate Republicans and Radical Republicans in Congress reacted. Joining together in 1866, they passed a bill to extend the life and responsibilities of the Freedmen's Bureau to protect newly freed slaves against the various Black Codes. President Johnson vetoed the bill, but Radical and Moderate Republicans eventually were able to pass it.7 The Black Codes and President Johnson's veto of all Reconstruction legislation that was unfavorable to the South caused Moderate and Radical Republicans to change their goals from just ending slavery to seeking political equality and voting rights for Blacks.8 The new goals, were based on humanitarian and political considerations. Northerners had grown increasingly sympathetic to the plight of the Blacks in the South following numerous well publicized incidents in which innocent Blacks were harassed, beaten, and

Fin Whale essays

Fin Whale essays My endangered species is the fin whale. The other names for this whale are called the Finback Whale, Finner Whale, Rorqual Razorback Whale, and the Herring Whale. The Fin Whale is the worlds second largest whale in the world, right behind the Blue Whale. The Fin Whale can swim at speeds up to 23mph and are know as Greyhound Of The Sea The average length of the Fin Whale is 6-6.5 meters at birth and 18-22 meters when fully grown. Some Fin Whales have been known to grow more than 26 meters long. The weight of the Fin Whale weighs about 2 tons when born and 30- 80 tons when fully grown. Their diet is made up of fish, Krill and other crustaceans. Some physical attributes of the Fin Whale are that their skin comes in the colors silvery gray, dark gray or brownish black. They have a very long straight body, smooth skin, and head pigmentation, a ridge on head, a very high spout, small fin, and are normally found in small groups or alone. Their speed and the fact that they prefer the open sea, gave them protection from the early whalers. Now, finback whales become easy victims because the blue whale has become scarce and in the result the whaling looked to the smaller fin whales as a replacement. 30,000 fin whales were slaughtered from 1935 to 1965. The International Whaling Commission placed them under full protection in 1966 beginning with the North Pacific population. The present populations are estimated to be about 40,000 in the northern hemisphere and 15,000-20,000 in the southern hemisphere. Fn whales have been legally protected from legal hunting in US waters since 1972 because of the Mammal Protection Act, they weren't protected world-wide until the 1986 International Whaling Commission law on commercial whaling. It is estimated that over 950,000 fin whales may have been taken world wide during the last ...

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 - Case Study Example Characteristic to type 2 DM is insensitivity to insulin due to resistance to insulin or a decline in production of insulin by the pancreatic cells. Patients who suffer from this condition tend to be obese, a situation that affects both the young and the elderly. However, older people are at greater risk of suffering from the disease due to such factors as failure to receive proper counseling and diet, and for some cases, the nature of medication one is taking. This could be aggravated by the presence of a multiple of illnesses among the elderly that interferes with the nature of their care, exposing them to elements that could lead to development of the condition. Knowledge of health history in the lineage of an individual is important in understanding one’s chances of developing the condition. This is because people tend to inherit a pre-disposition to this disease from their parents, and only require some other element to trigger its manifestation (van Esch, et al. 2013). Chances of suffering from this condition are higher in individuals whose parents were diagnosed with the condition at a younger age. This explains the 2 percent Genetic inheritance link of the condition observed by van Esch et al. Research also shows that lifestyle plays some role in the development of the condition. For instance, the condition tends to be prevalent in obese persons, and obesity runs in families, which also tend to have similar eating habits (Fischetti, 2015). An individual’s history therefore enables the establishment of such relations, hence enabling the calculation of its chances. One of the causes of type 2 DM is being obese. Obesity is purely a lifestyle issue, majorly stemming from lack of physical activity accompanied by excess intake of calories. In order to evaluate the chances of an individual developing diabetes, assessing

A landscape material - Mulch (Organic) Assignment

A landscape material - Mulch (Organic) - Assignment Example In such like practices, a form of irrigation known as Drip is often essential because plastics never allow water to penetrate through. In the small-scale farming, commonly used mulch is the homemade organic mulch. It involves farm remains and household leftovers. After being composed in an accurate place for some time, it will then be placed in between the plants by use of hands. Initially, mulch is often introduced into the farm during the start of a growing season. Some farmers can opt to add it ones on the farm while others can continuously reapply it over and over. During these times, the mulch will efficiently provide a form of heating system to the soil through the retaining of the heat. In this attempt, it will create room for individual activities including early harvesting and relocation of the crops. In the long run, the soil will end up attaining firmness in relation to adequate warmth and moisture (Ripley, 56). The use of mulch has always been accompanied by several benefits to both the land, the plants and to the landowners too. First, use of mulch helps significantly in the ensuring that the soil preserves much water during the dry seasons. Mulch can be of many benefits in the event of trying to overcome the weeds available in a certain piece of land. The applied mulch will tend to cover the available spaces that ought to have been the growing space for the weeds. Mulch also increases the efficiency of the texture of the soil. In certain places, farmers have embarked in using of mulch manure in an attempt to prevent the infestation of the crops by some pests. Mulch is also beneficial to the plants by offering protection to the roots of the plants in certain extreme temperatures. Crops are often known to fall from the main plant due to certain reasons including wind. However, in the event that mulch is used on a farm, it can be of help suppose an edible crop or fruit drops. The mulch will assist greatly in the

Protecting and Improving Quality Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Protecting and Improving Quality - Assignment Example s, equity in the provision of health services, efficient utilization of resources, effectiveness, timeliness, and focusing on patients needs (Institute of Medicine, 2001). Joint effort may be required to help organization achieve its goals. As a leader, measures that will be taken to improve the quality include implementing IT because it will revolutionize service delivery in the health sector. It is also important to bring all stakeholders on board for them to be involved in the search for quality services. Sensitive issues about the sector should be resolved amicably to avoid deadlocks which may hamper the delivery of improved service delivery (Institute of Medicine, 2001). Medication errors arise because of negligence from health practitioners. Controlling risks and putting safety measures in place needs a serious focus on the systems will aid in making errors severe. Medication safety refers to preventing accidents to patients who have come to seek medication. Lack of safety measures can make health institutions to be sued because of failure to comply with the set safety standards. Legal suits may interfere with operations of the facilities (Lewin, Altman, & Institute of Medicine, 2000). In order to improve quality service in the health sector, performance of professionals in this sector needs to be evaluated frequently. Such evaluation may help to ensure health practitioner improves their performance (Institute of Medicine of the national academics,

Computer Crime in Sri Lanka

Computer Crime in Sri Lanka A research study of the Computer Crimes in Sri Lanka and the protective acts taken by the Sri Lankan government. Background Computer systems are everywhere and control a great deal of our day to day life. Computer systems make our life so much easier. All the people around the world are forced to use the computer systems even if they do not like. These computer systems can be used in a good way or in a bad way. The bad way is known as a computer crime. Motivation Presently, individuals and companies are struggling from computer crimes, thinking is it a crime or not? what are laws available for it, where to file a complaint? etc. To improve the understanding of computer crimes, this topic has been chosen, which allows studying about different kinds of computer crimes and the respective laws applies for those crimes. In this research, the computer crimes in Sri Lanka and the counteract applicable for those crimes and different country laws will be discussed. Computer crime, also known as cybercrime, is any illicit action that includes a computer or network associated gadget, for example, a cell phone. The Department of Justice partitions computer crime into 3 classifications: violations in which the computer gadget is the victim, for instance, getting access to the network; violations in which the computer is utilized as a weapon, for instance, to dispatch a Denial of Service (DoS) attack; and violations in which the computer is utilized as an accomplice to a wrongdoing, for instance, utilizing a computer to save wrongfully acquired information (Rouse, 2010). Examples of computer crime: Making Malware Making and spreading viruses, Trojans or other kinds of malware. DoS attack Impacting the server performance by sending large amount requests. Unauthorized access Accessing the computer system without any lawful authority. Intellectual property theft Thieving an organizations or individuals intellectual belongings. Child pornography Creating or selling youngster erotica. Cyberstalk or Cyberbullying Harassing others online. Cyber terrorism Threat to the national security or national economy or public safety. Fraud Altering data, for instance, altering bank account balance amount details. Espionage Infiltration (an organization or someone). Harvesting Gather account associated data from people. Identity theft Pretend to be someone else. Spoofing Cheating a system by pretending someone else. Spamming Annoying unwelcome large amount of emails trying to fill the inbox. Phishing Fool someone by pretending or acting to be a trustable individual in an e-mail or an organization and trying to get their personal information. (ComputerHope, 2017) To destroy a persons or organizations reputation. To make money or steal money from a person or an organization. Full-fill their desires (by blackmailing, threatening etc.). Show off their skills to their friends / for enjoyment. Lack of authorities or less severe punishments. The Computer Crimes reported, in Sri Lanka are financial frauds, abuse/hate/privacy violation, phishing, scams, malware, unauthorized access, intellectual property violation, DoS/DDoS attack, Social media related incidents. According to SLCERT (Sri Lankan Computer Emergency Readiness Team), Fake accounts crimes are major crimes committed in Sri Lanka. Computer crimes in Sri Lanka keep up increasing every year. According to SLCERT, the computer crime rate has increased up to 4733% from 2008 to 2014. Particularly fake account crimes have increased from nearly 0 to 2300. Figure 2 Computer Crimes Reported from 2008 to 2014 From Colombo to the countryside, Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and other social media web applications have spread and it has begun to create an impact on the society and culture particularly among the younger generation. Facebook crimes are the majority of the social media related crime in Sri Lanka. There are many Facebook crimes which ended up with suicides, rapes, or even murders not only among teenagers but also among adults too. (SLCERT, n.d.) Mr. Jayantha Fernando, Program Director, Information and Communication Technology Agency (ICTA) stated that there is a necessity for Internet privacy acts when the standards of information protection are violated since Sri Lanka has no specific acts on Internet privacy. Jayantha mentioned that the Sri Lankan administration has started strategy level deliberations at the initiative of ICTA on data protection and internet privacy acts, and the process of developing the draft is ongoing. In 2015, the Computer Crimes Division of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) arrangement below the Computer Crimes Act 2007 managing an expanding amount of complaints on privacy violations and email scooping. The department has explored more than hundred on internet associated misconducts, including twenty-one protests associated with obscene publications, fifty protests of cyber defamation and twenty associated to e-mail hijacking. Additional two thousand protests relating Twitter and Facebook (FB) were informed to the SLCERT in the first 7 months of 2015. The majority of the events had happened on Facebook, and mainly the involvement of fake profiles, Senior Information Security Engineer of SLCERT, Mr. Roshan Chandragupta stated. Mr. Roshan stated that people were hurt in various ways over the internet. Few were threatened with data associated with the target, few were blackmailed for cash, few were harassed sexually and few were even harassed to the point of deceased. A lot of people were hurt by impersonators via social media. Most of them do not know where to file a complaint, hence, the protest related to fake profiles were not filed, he said. An inquiry officer of the Computer Crimes Division of CID expressed Present acts make it very hard for us to bring in the culprits. The officer also said that most of the events that were informed, in which an angry person dispenses the contact information of another person. Generally, this target would be an ex-lover of the offender who eagerly wants to punish her. Since there was no defamation, it does not come under defamation law, therefore it becomes very hard for the police to put the offender behind bars. CID Director SSP.R Nagahamulla said that the Computer Crimes Division does not have enough officers to do the work, and also do not have an adequate amount of standard electronic equipment support investigation. The department has no divisions. Nevertheless, the course of training extra officers and the process of purchasing the devices were begun by the CID. (Nafeel, 2015). Mr. Roshan said that lack of knowledge about computer security on cyber platforms is the main reason for many of the computer crimes. The absence of computer proficiency, correspondence, and breakage in family connections were the genuine foundations for the present surge in social media-related incidents, said by Manoj Jinadasa, senior lecturer at the Department of Mass Communication at the University of Kelaniya. In Western countries, media literacy is built into the school curriculum. This should be done here too, he said. (Dissanayake, 2014) The senior CID officer said that every day, the CID gets a minimum of ten to twelve cybercrime grievances, which adds up to more than 400 cases for each month. Since the team at CID is little, resolving these cases will be deferred (Wickramasekera, 2015). Here is an example social media crime incident: The headmaster of John Kothalawala School in Kurunegala has been captured by the Police Unit of the National Child Protection Authority. The headmaster was criticized for disgracing a young lady over a Facebook photograph, prompting her suicide. He has been captured as a component of the examination (NewsFirst, 2014). The Computer Crime Act, No.24 of 2007 This act describes the ways of identifying computer crimes and if such crimes occur the procedure for the investigation and the prevention mechanism for the crimes. The provisions of this Act will applicable where: The lawbreaker in or outside Sri Lanka. Computer storage or information affected in or outside Sri Lanka. Facility or service used to commit the crime in or outside Sri Lanka. Loss or damages caused to state or person in or outside Sri Lanka. The offenses and punishments stated in this act are simplified into a table format below: And / Or Table 1 Offences and the penalties mentioned in Computer Crime Act 2007 (SLCERT, 2007) Who will be involved in the investigation? Police officers Computer experts The panel will appoint computer experts to support police department to help with the case. If the police department has sufficient experts, then there is no necessary for more computer experts. Convention on Cybercrime The Convention on Cybercrime is also called as Budapest Convention or Budapest Convention on Cybercrime or European Cybercrime Convention. The Budapest Convention tries to address Internet and computer violations by agreeing to national acts, enhancing analytical strategies and expanding collaboration among countries. The European Cybercrime Convention dealing criminal activities carried out through the computer and the Internet, especially with copyright infringements, child pornography, infringement of system security, hate crimes, and computer associated frauds. In 2015, Sri Lanka was welcomed to participate in the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime. The Foreign Affairs Ministry working with the ICTA has optimized Sri Lankas entrance into the Council of Europe (CoE) Cybercrime Convention. Sri Lanka went beyond South Africa, Argentina, Costa Rica, Mexico, Philippines and a few different nations in the procedure towards participating the Convention on Cybercrime. Sri Lanka turns into the 1st Nation in South Asia to participate the Convention on Cybercrime, which is the main universal arrangement on cybercrimes all inclusive. The advantage of this convention is that all will be constrained to obey to the privacy guard and information security. Privacy acts are the most critical one where the stockholders from Europe or different nations will consider before investing in Sri Lanka, how their data are protected. (Nafeel, 2015) Comparing Sri Lankan laws with different country laws is a good way of evaluating strengths and weakness of the laws in Sri Lanka. Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008 (India) Sri Lanka and India have very much in common, both are Asian countries (closest countries), both are democratic countries. Sri Lanka and India are the members of South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). Sri Lankan culture and Indian culture are pretty much similar. Therefore, the Indian law has been used for the comparison. India has an act called Information Technology Act, 2008 to prevent computer crimes happening and provide guidelines to follow if such incident occurs. This act is an amendment of Information Technology Act, 2000. The offences and punishments mentioned in the act are listed in a simple table format below: And / Or Table 2 Offences and Penalties in the Information Technology Act, 2008 (Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, n.d.) Sri Lanka Crime India Fine (LKR) Imprisonment Fine (à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¹) Imprisonment à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 200,000 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 5 years Hacking with intention of committing crime à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 500,000 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 3 years à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 5 years Offenses committed against national security / cyberterrorism à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ Life time Table 3 Comparison common laws between Sri Lanka and India Let us compare 2 similar cases from both countries and compare the punishments given each by the government. For the comparison hacking case have been taken from both countries. Sri Lanka A 17-year-old schoolboy from Kadugannawa and a twenty-seven-year old man from Moratuwa were arrested on 29 Aug 2016, for building the hack on President Maithripala Sirisenas site. President Sirisenas legitimate site http://www.president.gov.lk went under assault on 26 Aug 2016, when the site was brought down and a letter posted in Sinhalese, stating the disappointment of a group of hackers calling themselves The Sri Lanka Youth, at the Sri Lankan administration having planned the Advanced Level examination for April, amid the conventional Sinhala and Tamil New Year. The letter was evacuated in a few minutes and a note informing clients that the site would down for scheduled maintenance, set up. The Presidents site was back online a couple of hours after the fact. The website was hacked one more time, the following day (27 Aug 2016), with the resulting note posted in English: (DailyNews, 2016) The Crimes Investigation Department (CID) performed the arrest. According to Daily News (2016) statement, the man was accused of 300,000 LKR and up to three years in prison and since the kid is minor, he ended up in probation. This is the 1st time in the Sri Lankan history a young person has been arrested under 2007 Computer Crimes Act. India Mumbai police have captured twenty-three-years-old hacker for trespassing into an economic site. Despite the fact that the hacker could not get into the primary server of the economic website, which was all around secured by the organization. The hacker made some option to the landing page of the economic site and has added a string of content to the news section of the landing page of the site. Police could break the case by taking after the follow left by the offender on the web server of the economic website. The organization has kept up a different server for money related online exchanges, for which most extreme security has been taken by the organization. The site was facilitated on an alternate server, which relatively had lesser security. The intruder was a tenth pass youth. He has completed IT courses like MCSE, CCNA and so on. He had an addiction to computers. He sits in front the PC for very nearly sixteen to twenty times every day. He was using the ready-made hacking devices, to hack into any site. He goes to a specific site on the web, which encourages him to see the whole catalog structure of that site. At that point utilizing different strategies, for example, getting a passcode record, he gets into the directors shoes and hacks the site. A case was enrolled against the intruder under area 67 of Information Technology Act 2000 and under different areas of Indian Penal Code. (CyberCrimeInvestigationCell, 2005) Result The Sri Lankan government has charged the victim with 300,000 LKR and up to 3 years in prison. The Indian government has charged the victim with 1,000,000 Indian Rupee and up to 5 years in prison. Compare to the severity, Indian hacker just hacked the economic site, but the Sri Lankan hacker hacked the Sri Lankan Presents website which is highly punishable. The punishment that the government gives will be a lesson and the threat for those who try to commit crimes. In that case, Sri Lanka has failed to give a higher penalty. When the group of people, including a 17-year-old boy hacked, president Mr. Sirisenas website (Page 13), in everyones mind a question will raise. Is the preventive move made by Sri Lankan Government to battle against computer crime is adequate? I would say NO. As per the SLCERTs report (Figure 2) and the officers statements (Page 5, Page 6) the computer crime rates keep increasing every year, So, the preventive action taken by the government is not sufficient enough. Suggestions Severe punishments will discourage the offenders committing a crime. Compared to the Indian laws, Sri Lanka laws provide less severe punishments (Table 1, Table 2, Table 3) for the offender. So, increasing the fine amount and impressment period given to each crime is a better way of reducing or stopping crimes happening.   Ã‚   Mr. Jayantha stated that currently, Sri Lanka does not have any specific acts on Internet privacy (Page 5) and an inquiry officer of the Computer Crimes Division expressed that with current Sri Lankan laws it is hard to take an action on the offender. So, introducing more laws, more specific acts on Internet privacy will help to combat against these computer crimes, Especially, sections like 66E, 67, 67A, 67B introduced Information Technology Act, 2008 India (Table 2), since the rapid growth of fake accounts and social media crimes in Sri Lanka. Mr. Roshan said that the reasons for these crimes are not enough awareness about computer crimes in the society. People are not aware of where to file a complaint (Page 5). This is the main reason; the culprits are out there committing more and more crimes. Spreading the awareness about computer crimes through television, radio and social media will reach a lot of people and help reduce crimes. Provide enough equipment, facilities, human resource and training for the Police department and the Computer Crimes Division of CID to do their work without any interruptions. According to Mr. Manojs research, the majority of the victims of computer crime are teenagers. I suggest the education department introduce Computer Crimes as a subject in schools. This prevents the younger generation from falling into trouble or pushing someone into. Todays generation, tomorrows future.  

Free Essays: The Prologues of Oedipus Rex and Everyman :: comparison compare contrast essays

The Prologues of Oedipus Rex and Everyman Two Works Cited A prologue is a miniature version of the actual text. It answers the elements of literature in a work, and exposes the reader to essential facts, as well as foreshadows the outcome of the work. The prologue also introduces themes, characters, and literary devices to complement the work. Thus, through the study of the prologues of Oedipus Rex and Everyman, one may learn much about the nature of both plays. In the prologue of Oedipus, the 'bear' pun is used. The 'bear' pun is a popular literary device used in many plays. To bear means to carry a babe; To bear can also mean to carry something heavy. The pun indicates that if one cannot bear the truth (which is a very heavy object placed on the heart) than one cannot bear new life. In order to be reborn one must suffer the bearing of truth. When Oedipus says, "I, Oedipus, who bear the famous name." (Sophocles, 715), he indicates that he is bearing the name and therefore must bear the fate that is set for him in order to conceive new life. In order for Oedipus to fully bear his name he must accept the responsibilities that follow; He must escape from the ways of the flesh. Until this time comes, the Gods must bear Oedipus's pain until he is ready to accept it. Likewise, Everyman cannot reach enlightenment (to be free of guilt) because he cannot bear the truth. God explains why Everyman cannot be enlightened as he says, "They use the seven deadly sins damnable, / As pride, covetise, wrath, and lechery . . ." (Everyman, 761). This proves that Everyman is too much of the flesh, and he uses the ways of the flesh to keep him bound to the earth. Thus, when God says, "I see the more that I them forbear" (Everyman, 761), God is bearing Everyman's truth until he is ready, when Everyman is no longer of the flesh. A major theme consistent in both works is that of suffering. In Oedipus Rex, the kingdom of Thebes is suffering because of Oedipus's sin. The suffering of Thebes is illustrated when the Priest said: The herds are sick; children die unborn, And labour is vain. The god of plague and pyre Raids like detestable lightning through the city, And all the house of Kadmos is laid waste,

Albania and EU integration Essay

To provide a basic idea for Albanian economy and its European integration possibilities. 2. To provide knowledge about advantages and disadvantages that Albania faces in different sectors of economy. 3. To provide knowledge about Albanian ability to take the obligation of membership. 4. To provide knowledge about systematic and unsystematic risk for Albanian European integration. Methodology 1. Research problem Is Albania in line with EU expectations? Which are the abilities of Albania to maintain the obligation of membership? Basic objective is to examine, firstly economic development of Albania based on the collected data from 2002 – 2012, than to verify if they are in line with EU criteria. 2. Expectations Since Albania is determined in its decision to join European Union and to be part of Economic integration, it has made a progress in reforming institutions, in legislation, and the most important the assignment of SSA (Stabilization and association process). But the progress is very slow and insufficient. The cause of this polarization remains on political culture of the country which historically has not faced any experience of democracy. So expectations are not very positive. On a long term basis only new socialized and democratic generation can truly execute fundamental reforms needed to be part of European Economic Integration. Data Collections 1. Primary data: World Bank reports and Instat. 2. Secondary data: Journal websites and financial news papers. European Union Integration – The impact in Albanian Economy The aim of this project is to demonstrate how much the economic development in Albania is in line with European Union? In the first section will be analyzed, Relations between Albania and EU. Over all now Albania is part of Stabilization and Association process, in regular political and economical dialogue with EU. Last decade we can say that our country have faced some changes on our politic system and economic one, through three main factors, visa liberalization, financial assistance and civil society. How we realize these challenges? Did these three factors affect positively our economy; since we are one of the main countries that were not affected by world crises and how? In the second section will analyze economic criteria by examining development of economy in Albania. The examination includes different areas of economy? The existence of a good function of market economy: This includes the main essentials’ of economic policy where the primary objective is the protection of a market oriented economy. Here we can mention that Albania has a visible progress starting from year 2007 when we signed CEFTA agreement. Macroeconomic Stability: Over all Albania has preserved the macroeconomic stability, because it was less affected by external economic conditions. Monetary policy of Albania has help to keep stable inflation and control inflationary expectations. Public debt is over limited and essential reforms are still missing. Interactions of market forces: According to the official data, results that state involvement in economy remains limited but it is focused on energy, transport and water supply. Market Entry and Exit: Here we can conclude that Albania is one of the countries that have facilitated business entry to the market but procedures for market exit are still ineffective. Legal System: Albanian faces many weaknesses in rule of law, according to real data, corruption is in considerable levels and reforms of property rights are still incomplete. This has adverse affect on the market environment. Financial sectors and Development: Some progress is made but it is needed the consolidation of public finances and the reduction of public debt. Human and Fiscal Capital: The structure of macro economy remains unchanged; also informality remains again a challenge. Albanian economy is tangible by industry specific shocks. State influence: State interventions are limited but it is still a concern the impact on the public finance of the lack of diversification and Economic integration with EU: Albania has remained a leading trading and an investment partner of EU, as result trade with CEFTA has been increased. The third section will  examine Albanian ability to take the obligation of membership. The analysis is structured based on internal and external market of Albania which includes: Free movement of goods; there has been a progress as regards of stabilization, but further efforts are needed to be done and the preparations are advanced in this part. Free movement of people; The progress here is visible, since 2010 Visa liberalization can be counted as a success especially towards professional qualifications, but further efforts are needed to be plane. Free movement of capital; there also has been some progress with adaption of amendments of criminal code, low of banks and low of prevention of money laundering but even though there are several efforts that are needed to be taken. As a conclusion I have to say that Albania has made little progress toward economic development and the consolidation of its democ ­racy. This is shown by the report of European commission on October 2012, as the results at fulfilling the EU’ twelve priorities were poor, and obviously it was clear that Albania would lose its chances to be awarded with the candidate status on December 2012 – and December 2013. Such a step was not justified by our economic and political conditions. Relations between the EU and Albania Albania is a country that is part of the Stabilization and Association Process. According to this pact we can say that Albania has strictly implemented its obligations. Between the EU and our country there is a regular political dialogue and economic growth, which has continued through the SAA structure. In March and April of last year, Albania took part in the meeting organized by the Stabilization and Association Committee and the European Council in which they discussed the reform of public administration. Albania was involved in this dialogue with multilateral economic focus with the Commission and the EU member countries, with focus, preparation and coordination of domestic economic policies to integrate economic and monetary union in the EU. One of the most important achievements of Albania was the liberalization of visas for citizens traveling to the Schengen area. This agreement entered into force in December 2010. Immediately after this agreement and until today, the committee evaluates on a regular basis, the progress made by the country in the implementation of rules and visa roadmap. Albania is a country that is  waiting for EU membership, as such; it has received transition assistance, institution building and cross-border mergers. For the period 2007 – 2013, the European Union has allocated for Albania, an amount of â‚ ¬ 594 million. This amount of benefit, its focus is on justice, politics and public administration reforms in Albania, and also based on individual sectors, transport, and environment, and agriculture, social and rural development. This component is managed by the EU Delegation in Albania / Tirana. Regarding the upcoming years 2014 – 2020, the European Commission and the Albanian government will negotiate and discuss the needs and capacities for future assistance. We need to know that Albania is a member of several EU programs as example; Program Throughout life learning; Europe for Citizens, Culture, Competitiveness and Innovation. Economic Criteria In 1993 after examination of economic development and the state in which Albania was, in Copenhagen European Council stated that, to be part of the European Union, Albania needs to be focused towards a functioning market economy and also to have the capacity to cope with the challenges of a competitive market of EU The existence of a functioning market economy Policy Essential In order for Albania to have a focused market economy and sustainable, the main political parties, which have impact on the country’s economic policies, must agree on the basis of sound market economy, despite political tension in the country. Based on the report of the European Committee for Albania, the country’s macroeconomic stability has been maintained, but there are some shortcomings again. Among these deficiencies can mention the 2012 budget deficit, which was beyond the norm. The deficit caused, statutory debt, allowed to pass the measure of 60 %. In the process of privatization of property might say that was a failure. In January, Albania presented at EC Economic and Fiscal program for the years 2013-2015. The medium scenario is characterized by a very optimistic macroeconomic program. But according to the assessment of this program the Commission has submitted a lack of enforcement and targeting strategy but we can say that consensus  on the basis of a mark et economy has been maintained. Macroeconomic stability According to the data obtained in the annual report of the Bank of Albania, we can conclude that economic growth in 2012 was 1.6% less than a year ago. Total gross output also shows that in 2012 was about 5% less compared with a year ago. Inflows of foreign currencies in the country by immigrants have had a slight increase of 1.6% for 2012, while private consumption has fallen to low levels. One of the main factors of economic growth, have been net exports, while for imports can say that they have recorded a considerable Decrease. After a 12-month period with a significant reduction, economic indicators tend to show a growth in late 2012 and early 2013. However we can say that GDP grew only 1.7% in the first quarter of last year. Foreign demand for Albanian products has resulted in considerable numbers. GDP per capita in purchasing power and consumption resulted in 30% among 27 that was average. According to the analysis may conclude that Albania recognized the economic growth, so gl obal crisis did not affect Albania during early 2013. During the period 2012-2013 the current account deficit decreased by about 1.5%, becoming 10.5% from 13% in 2011. Imports introduced to a decrease, 5.2% less than a year ago, while exports increased by 8.5% in total value, but may be noted here that there was a considerable increase in the export of goods but not services. In June 2013 current account deficit reached 10.1% in value to the corners of Albania. The inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) throughout 2012 remained unchanged with that of a year ago. This influx financed about 70 % of current account deficit therefore 10 % more than in 2011. The flow of incoming capital suffered a Decrease of 11.3 % in a year, but we can say that during 2012 had a positive balance of payments and a significant increase in international reserves at 4.2 %. During 2013, foreign direct investment (FDI) rose by 12.3 % more than the previous year in annual terms. Also we can say that the current account deficit has decreased, but again is an important aspect that affects the economy of our country especially considering the volatility of FDI and remittances. Throughout 2012 we can say that there has been a significant improvement of working conditions, the unemployment rate has however recognized high scores although this year it has had an average of 13 % compared with 13.4 % the previous year. The private sector in the country  has increased em ployment offer, in Albania at a rate of 2.8 % based mainly in the agriculture sector of the country. By 2013, according to statistical data, unemployment continues to be high again, with an improvement of about 0.2 %. To maintain a constant interest rate, and to administer a possible inflationary trend, was used a sound monetary policies that brought the country’s macroeconomic stability. The inflation rate in the country declined by 1.5% compared with a year ago, keeping a constant level of 2%. This stability at a rate of 2-4% inflation was the main objective of the Bank of Albania. Since that in Albania, we have basket price fluctuations this reflected in a slowdown of annual inflation from 2.5% in 2012 to 2.2% in 2013. In an effort to stimulate economic growth in the country, the Bank undertook several measures, as for example the reduction of the basic interest rate from 3.75 to 3.5% during the past year. The financial system in Albania has achieved a significant degree of Euroisation. Loans in Euros remained at a level of 61% of deposits in July the past year, compared with 64% in 2012. While in terms of other deposits in foreign currency statements have a slight decrease of 2%. Albania represents a floating exchange rate regime, which has remained the same since 1992. Albanian Lek has maintained sustainability where its value in 2012 reflected a 0.9% appreciatio n against the euro. We generally are within the boundaries of a stable monetary policy, have a storage inflation and a stable exchange rate. Annual revenues did increase by about 7% in 2012 compared with the previous year. During this year, the excise tax and VAT suffered significant declines, we can say that this Decrease, resulted in 12% less than the initial objectives. Revenues from GDP fell by 25.1%, which were considered in 2011, to 24.5% in 2012. In terms of GDP spending, can also say that suffered a decrease of 0.6% compared with a year ago. Public expenditures represent just 4.6% of gross production, from 5.4% the previous year. Public debt grew considerably and non-positive, from 59.4% of GDP in 2011 to 62.9% in early 2013. So our public debt has passed the legal boundaries of 60% to nearly 3%. In the area of tax administration, we can say that there have been significant improvements in the electronic payment of taxes and also the tax filing system. There are still weaknesses in tax collection. Measures have been taken for approval to exclude imports of machinery, processing equipment and raw materials used for investment. An important measure is the abolition of  personal income tax. Interplay of market forces The country’s economy is dominating the private sector, which constitutes about 80% of GDP. Privatizations have been the basis for several state companies to place as Alb petrol oil Typeset, Alb telecom for telecommunications, INSIG as insurance and CEZ Distribution for energy, which due to disputes arbitrary, is now again in the hands of the state. There are counted about 11 new agreements for investments in agriculture, in 2012. In the energy sector we have also signed agreements for investment in hydropower opening. Privatization of three HPP has a monetary value of â‚ ¬ 109.5 million. However, I can say with conviction that state involvement in the economy is limited. Market entry and exit Registrations and licensing, of businesses have became more restrictive, and has faced a considerable increase of about 8% compared with a year ago. This was made possible through the established network one-stop-shop. Today licensed businesses make up about 12% of active companies. Legal system The legal system has had a slight progress, however, is necessary to ensure the proper application of the legal system. Still exist, the ownership uncertainty. Another weakness of our state law is delays of legal proceedings, more harmful to the business. The capacity to cope with competitive pressure and market forces within the Union Existence of a functioning market economy Albania has maintained macroeconomic stability through a market economy, but the economic slowdown last year causes the increase of the current deficit. This deficit has resulted in a decrease in domestic production, low inflation policy due to BoA’s objective. This deficit and rising public debt beyond the limits, has led to a lack of successful management of fiscal policy, the fiscal plan is expected to be even weaker. Albania has some structural obstacles which do not bring economic growth, contrary depleting it. Even though we have a certain advantage, barriers and other weaknesses continue to affect our economic system. Here we can mention the right of  property, unemployment, and incomplete process of privatization, low competitive ability, etc. . Overall, Albania has needed to consolidate public finances, and the reduction of public debt, strengthen the economy, performance, labor market, and most importantly, the fight against corruption. Economic integration with th e EU In 2012 Albania was faced with a trade Decrease, Imports and Exports constituted 87% of GDP compared with 92% a year ago. Key partner for trade of goods and services remains the EU. From the statistical data we say that EU exports in 2012 accounted for 75% of the total, and 62% of total imports. In the first six months of 2013 resulted a shrinking trade deficit with the EU, as a result of increased exports by 18.8%, but at the same time, the EU imports fell much less. One of the main partners in trade agreements remains Italy, taking half of Albanian exports and giving third Albanian import. Italy also remains one of the most important investors in Albania although much investment during the last year has seen a decrease. Export Import, with CEFTA countries has slowed by 27% which resulted in 2011, to 3% today ABILITY TO TAKE ON THE OBLIGATIONS OF MEMBERSHIP The ability to take the membership is seen in three main factors. Free movement of goods; there has been a progress as regards of stabilization, but further efforts are needed to be done and the preparations are advanced in this part. Free movement of people; The progress here is visible, since 2010 Visa liberalization can be counted as a success especially towards professional qualifications, but further efforts are needed to be plane. Free movement of capital; there also has been some progress with adaption of amendments of criminal code, low of banks and low of prevention of money laundering but even though there are several efforts that are needed to be taken. Agriculture and rural development Based on the last economic report of EU, Albania is one of the countries that have not utilized the negotiated quotas for the agriculture products; however we can say for sure that exports have been increased with countries that Albania has bilateral agreements. Exports and Export level per GDP has  been positively increased. Now we can raise a question, Why Albania has not exploiting quotas that have been negotiated in agreement from which expectations were higher? Why our agriculture products do not have comparative advantage. Regarding to Ministry of Agriculture in Albania, food products and consumer production of agriculture sector is in low rates of trade. Farms are considered small while to many hectare of land are still barren, technology process is almost old today we have still lands that are tilled by hand and levels of marketing are negative ones. This is the reason why imports in different agricultural products in Albania are higher. Regarding numbers, Albania has nearly 400 Thousand farms counted until today. These farms derive 21% of GDP and have employed more than 750 thousand persons. We should know agriculture land is 0.2Ha/ person, while 20% of poor people are farmers, in this 20% we have 93.5% of them who produce only to maintain their families not to export, the other 80% of farmers produce to sell outside borders and domestically. They sell up to 40 % of their production. Why these results? Because private investments in Albania are only 42.5 EUR per person, we still have 73 % of productive land tilled by hand. Public investments are 15 EUR per person, while we have firstly undistributed land from 98.5% of land that is returned to farmers 85.5% of it is not registered. Other problematic cases in our agriculture are also, Input quantity and quality are still low and limited. The knowledge is in low levels, Information that we take from market is inadequate, No existence of competitive products, and land market lack. Another problematic issue is that farms are not administrated well, by resulting so in a lower level of competitiveness toward other countries. Social policy and employment In terms of labor law, labor code is still in a process of approval, a challenge for our society remains the work of children ages 5-17 years old. This trend varies in 7.7% of all children in our country. In terms of health and safety at work, measures are taken to prevent accidents at work and improve working conditions. We can say that the number of accidents at work in 2012 was reduced significantly compared with 2011, but still further improvements must be hatched. As regards employment policy, is being designed an employment strategy for 2014-20. This design is still not approved. The official unemployment rate resulting in 13% during 2012, but long-term unemployment and youth unemployment are high and they need for immediate measures for reduction. Minister of Labor, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities has approved three cases for persons with disabilities. Guardian of a person with disability is paid by the Albanian state. The inclusion of supervision and review of employment of individuals with disabilities in employment offices. Design activities for sign language in schools. These projects are not yet finalized. Gender Discrimination Many explanations for the gender pay gap are proposed and finally the gender pay gap is the difference between genders seen from the human development perspective, such as education, qualitative skills and experience that men and women show to the workplace. By this point of view differences between genders are often presented as discriminatory, that for instance women leave much earlier the labor market than men do, so in Albania we have more part time works for women. By analyzing the data’s we notice that the pay gap for professional or scientist women (engineers, mathematicians, financial experts, and medical doctors) in Albania is lower than man, in terms of numbers the take nearly 2.4% less than men do. In cases like basic occupations such are, construction, fast food, street vendors the wages are 21 % lower for females compared with males. Public and private sector generate two different ways of payment, when the gap is higher on private system rather in public one. The gender pay gap in the private sector is 13.7 percent, compared with15.7 percent of the public sector. Both male and female in Albania site that here has no equality in the hiring/recruitment and no standards. I think that to reduce the inequality between males and females employees should follow the same recruitment standards for both. This should be implemented also to the recruitment for managerial positions, in order to increase the number of women applying for these job positions. I believe that a unified standard of recruitment would reduce considerably the gap. Conclusion As a conclusion I have to say that Albania is a country that is part of the Stabilization and Association Process. According to this pact we can say that Albania has strictly implemented its obligations. Today Albania is a member of several EU programs as example; Program Throughout life learning; Europe for Citizens, Culture, Competitiveness and Innovation. Based on EU conditions we must say that Albania has made improvement. The existence of a good function of market economy: This includes the main essentials’ of economic policy where the primary objective is the protection of a market oriented economy. On its macroeconomic situation, we conclude that over all Albania has preserved the macroeconomic stability, because it was less affected by external economic conditions. Monetary policy of Albania has help to keep stable inflation and control inflationary expectations. Public debt is over limited and essential reforms are still missing. According to the official data, results, states involvement in economy remains limited but it is focused on energy, transport and water supply. Albania is one of the countries that have facilitated business entry to the market but procedures for market exit are still ineffective. Albanian faces many weaknesses in rule of law, according to real data, corruption is in considerable levels and reforms of property rights are still incomplete. This has adverse affect on the market environment. Some progress is made but it is needed the consolidation of public finances and the reduction of public debt. Regarding to Human and Fiscal Capital the structure of macro economy remains unchanged; also informality remains again a challenge. Albanian economy is tangible by industry specific shocks. Albania has remained a leading trading and an investment partner of EU, as result trade has been increased. Albanian ability to take the obligation of membership, the analysis is structured based on intern al and external market of Albania which includes: Free movement of goods; there has been a progress as regards of stabilization, but further efforts are needed to be done and the preparations are advanced in this part. Free movement of people; The progress here is visible, since 2010 Visa liberalization can be counted as a success especially towards professional qualifications, but further efforts are needed to be plane. Free movement of capital; there also has been some progress with adaption of amendments of criminal code, low of banks and low of prevention of money laundering but even though there are several efforts that are needed to be taken. . Based on the study the situation with the income inequality in Albania is similar to other countries of the region and maybe beyond the region. This is caused from the same factors and causes negative effect on society. The gender gap in Albania has even another factor, that of specific cultural that is characteristic for Albanian environment to prohibit this Albania should increase the harmonization of the community, working conditions, health and securities and Equal opportunities. Albania has made little progress toward economic development and the consolidation of its democ ­racy. This is shown by the report of European commission on October 2012, as the results at fulfilling the EU’ twelve priorities were poor, and obviously it was clear that Albania would lose its chances to be awarded with the candidate status on December 2012 – and December 2013. Such a step was not justified by our economic and political conditions. References European report for Albania 2012-2013 http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/key_documents/2013/package/al_rapport_2013.pdf Bank of Albania Annual Report 2012, Production date: 21.06.2013, Author: Bank of Albania http://www.bankofalbania.org/web/Annual_Report_2012_6609_2.php Instat, Conjuncture, Main Economic Indicators, Q3-2013

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Thesis Statement: To plan a relaxing vacation, worthy of the University of Phoenix’s graduating class accomplishments. Part 1: Background and Statement of Need A. Description of Organization 1. The University of Phoenix graduates will be traveling to Jamaica. 2. We plan to have 1200 graduates attending the vacation. 3. The Dream Team, made up of four currently enrolled students will be planning the vacation and itinerary. B. Problems to be addressed 1. The students need a celebration for graduating from the University. 2. What can we do to make this plan flawless and create a mishap free vacation? C. Events leading to the need for a plan 1. The students must complete 120 credit hours to graduate. 2. Vacations are very rare during school years. 3. The students have sacrificed much of their recreational time, and dedicated that time to completing schoolwork. D. Proposed benefits of a completed plan 1. The completed plan will honor the students. 2. The students will get a much-needed rest. Part 2. Our team will follow the project objectives throughout the course of planning the vacation. A. We have identified and defined the performance standards we wish to meet for this project. i. We want to design a vacation that will meet our standards for quality. (1) We wish to provide high quality facilities. (2) We want to provide a high level of comfort. (3) We want to provide a high level of entertainment. ii. We want to create the best vacation possible while meeting our budget. iii. We must meet acceptable safety standards for our guests on the vacation. B. We have defined and stated our objectives for this project. i. We want to provide our guests with a high quality vacation at the lowest cost possible. ii. This vacation needs to provide the University of Phoenix students with a means to celebrate their educational accomplishments. iii. We would like this vacation to offer the students a much deserved escape fr... Free Essays on Project Outline Free Essays on Project Outline Thesis Statement: To plan a relaxing vacation, worthy of the University of Phoenix’s graduating class accomplishments. Part 1: Background and Statement of Need A. Description of Organization 1. The University of Phoenix graduates will be traveling to Jamaica. 2. We plan to have 1200 graduates attending the vacation. 3. The Dream Team, made up of four currently enrolled students will be planning the vacation and itinerary. B. Problems to be addressed 1. The students need a celebration for graduating from the University. 2. What can we do to make this plan flawless and create a mishap free vacation? C. Events leading to the need for a plan 1. The students must complete 120 credit hours to graduate. 2. Vacations are very rare during school years. 3. The students have sacrificed much of their recreational time, and dedicated that time to completing schoolwork. D. Proposed benefits of a completed plan 1. The completed plan will honor the students. 2. The students will get a much-needed rest. Part 2. Our team will follow the project objectives throughout the course of planning the vacation. A. We have identified and defined the performance standards we wish to meet for this project. i. We want to design a vacation that will meet our standards for quality. (1) We wish to provide high quality facilities. (2) We want to provide a high level of comfort. (3) We want to provide a high level of entertainment. ii. We want to create the best vacation possible while meeting our budget. iii. We must meet acceptable safety standards for our guests on the vacation. B. We have defined and stated our objectives for this project. i. We want to provide our guests with a high quality vacation at the lowest cost possible. ii. This vacation needs to provide the University of Phoenix students with a means to celebrate their educational accomplishments. iii. We would like this vacation to offer the students a much deserved escape fr...

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buy custom American Public Schools essay The United States public school education system has come to cheat city-residing children from poor families out of their future. The classrooms of this minority group in the society are characterized by a shortage of equipment, staff and money. In addition, racism has become widespread in the public schools across inner cities and less affluent suburbs. As a result, innocent American children end up being deprived of their right of an equal opportunity to education. These are the observations of Jonathan Kozol, in his book, "Savage Inequalities", which he compiled after touring numerous public schools for two years, and speaking to students and teachers among other stake holders in the education sector. These discrepancies, according to Kozol, can be attributed to indifference in the administration of property taxes, the emotive racism issue and the unending quarrel between state and local authorities (Kozol, 1992). From the property tax perspective, districts, which are poor, received less funding compared to their rich counterparts. The explanation of this is that, the funding is proportional to the respective districts tax contribution. In this regard, the only circumstance under which they can receive extra funding is through more taxation. To illustrate this, Kozol gives an example of a public classroom in Chicago whose funding was $90 000 less the amount received by a New Trier High classroom (Kozol, 1992). Foundation Program has been described by Kozol as a possible solution to this taxation problem. This approach is meant to set a threshold funding of every district to safeguard the poorer ones from getting too little. However, its impacts were far from being reflected on the ground, as evidenced by the picture of the education arena presented in this book. The environment, under which students in this school thrive as conceived by the book, is precarious. In one of his conversation with the students when collecting material for this book, Kozol relatesthe story of a teenage boy whose sister had been raped and murdered afterwards. To emphasize how such a callous act might be an issue of little or no concern in this schooling environment, this young boy had forgotten when the incidence took place. Needless to say, many other young girls must have as well been raped and murdered since then. When rain falls, these schools have no measures to caution them from rain water, and as such, they turn into swamps and have to be closed. It even gets worse when the sewerage systems back up in the schools cafeteria and kitchens. As a result, health problems are prevalent among the students (Kozol, 1992). If, through some of the revelations in this book, Kozol intended to make the reader angry, he was successful. In chapter three, the poignant racism issue is portrayed through a revelation that a funding towards education of a black or Hispanic child is perceived as a poor investment. In these public schools, classrooms have been classified along racial lines. One classroom is predominantly white with one or two blacks while at the same time, there is a special classroom of blacks. According to him, if this is not racism, then he does not appreciate the meaning of this particular term. A shocking report by the State Commissioner of Education revealed that three in every four black students do not complete their high school education within the traditional four year time frame. This, in my own view, can be attributed to this rampant racism in public schools. In a nutshell, Kovol has successfully demonstrated that the American societys aspect of segregation along racial line has narrowed down to the public school system. Reading through Savage Inequalities", one feels agitated by the widespread racism in the contemporary American public school system. The condition under which minority black and Hispanic young and innocent children are acquiring an education makes a person to feel sympathetic about them. Indeed, if this was the solle motive of writing the book, then Kovol got it. Although some of his examples in the book are quite repetitive in terms of the message they are intended to deliver, this book underlines the importance of an equal opportunity in education (Kozol, 1992). However, in writing this book, Kovol dwells so much on rather insignificant issues. For instance, he talks of an inadequate supply of sports gear, basic furniture and computers. Although having them is good, these, in my view, are not pre-requests in the learning process. In addition, while Kozols argument on racism might be true, this issue can be viewed from another anglethe aspect of affluence. The phenomenon whereby poor districts are predominantly occupied by the minority blacks and Hispania is an aspect of the American society which cannot be entirely blamed on the education system. Reading through this book, one gets an insight of the operation of American magnet schools. Kozol notes, factually, that these schools have served to widen the gap between the rich and the poor. True, students from poor city families are not informed on the application criteria of joining these schools. In addition, these schools have now developed a business approach in the American public educatio n system. In conclusion, Savage Inequalities is an impartial book which sheds much-needed light on the American public education system. True, Kovol has employed his writing passion and brilliance to bring forth a work that is greatly supporter by facts and highly effective. Through reporting numerous interviews with students and teachers among others, this book connects the reader to what is happening on the ground. Kovol is a highly persuasive writer and uses this booknot to promote hatred towards the American public education systembut to let the truth be known. Although this book was written two decades back, I would recommend it to anyone who wants to get an insight into the American public education system (Kozol, 1992). Buy custom American Public Schools essay

Language Development Hypotheses Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Language Development Hypotheses - Term Paper Example r bilingualism affects intellectual development since as early as the 1920 when Saer (1923) and Smith (1923) executed numerous studies on the topic since then have attempted to determine whether monolingual and bilingual children differ in intelligence as measured by standard tests. Many of these investigators found out that bilingualism has a considerable effect on intellectual functioning. Nowadays bilingualism is tightly attached to intelligence. However, until the year 1962 due to many factors of which we can highlight racism, Bilingualism was considered as a problem see a handicap that prevents the child from adapting with his school mates and gives him an introverted character. Early studies showing bilingual children to be â€Å"handicapped† in speech development and academic achievement happened when they analyzed children’s intelligence without taking in consideration their socio-economical status. In fact most of the studies that proved that multilingualism hampered the child’s development were made on children coming from very low class environments and therefore suffering from dissatisfaction of their physical needs. These children are logically not scholarly advanced due to the preceding circumstances that out shadow the advantages offered by being bilingual. One of the most important researchers in that matter, O Doherty, (1958) suggests that it is necessary in any consideration of the influence of bilingualism on intelligence to distinguish between two types of bilinguals, genuine bilinguals and pseudo bilinguals. The pseudo bilingual knows one language more than the other and doesn’t use the second language in communic ation, the genuine bilingual masters both at an early age and feels comfortable communicating with both languages. When researchers distinguished between fluent bilinguals, they found out that fluent bilingual children develop more flexible mental capacities and frequently out-perform limited bilinguals of the same national

Profiles in Courage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Profiles in Courage - Essay Example Of the eight senators referred to in this book, the history of George W Norris and Robert A Taft is especially amazing. George W Norris George W Norris was a senator from the state of Nebraska. He served five terms in the United States Senate, spanning across the period 1913-1943 (Kennedy 171). Though being from a family of not much educated farmers of Scottish ancestry, he turned out to be a bright student who secured a degree in law from Valparaiso University (Kennedy 173). Senator George W Norris was especially known to be a man of vision and a fearless and honest speaker, emphatically dedicated to the cause of the common people (Kennedy 172). Though Senator Norris was not always successful in his endeavors, yet he seldom hesitated from responding to the call of his conscience, sans personal interests and party affiliations. Senator Norris was also known for committing himself to political causes that though just and in national interest, sometimes contradicted with the stakes of his constituency. Senator Norris held a filibuster against Woodrow Wilson’s intentions to use the American merchant ships for military purposes, an act that enervated his supporters in Nebraska (Kennedy 182). In the year 1928, Senator George W Norris happened to be the only prominent politician from Nebraska, who supported the presidential campaign of a highly unpopular Democrat Al Smith, solely out a sense of unwavering personal conviction (Kennedy 178).

Traditional and Online Dating Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Traditional and Online Dating - Essay Example Dating on many ways grabbed the phenomena as arranged marriage and imparted more freedom and rights to couple in choosing their life partner. Dating has been around for couple of centuries, and over these years, it has lost its real meaning. People are using this term so widely that any meeting between young or older couple comes under the meaning of â€Å"dating†. The dating started from traditional one to online dating over the course of time. Society has changed a lot, before there used to be something known as traditional dating where men and women met informally over a weekend, get together or social event. So traditional dating gives the partners a platform to see each other and then get to know each other in a real environment. Dating has lost it value after the invention of online dating sites, and other websites which initiated courtship assistance. In the earlier times, people used to meet each other in person and ask them for date, but in today’s world people enter a date as one entering a dark cave. Both the traditional and online dating has advantages and disadvantages. Any one cannot be prescribed as traditional dating is a matter of past and online dating has become a comfortable matter for modern world. ... Here they have to depend blindly on the website profile of partners. Traditional dating may be an old way of finding a partner but it works extremely well in understanding a person. Men can select their female partner from various others and this is what needed in a dating process. Traditional dating is entertaining and time taking as men can feel shy or awkward in asking women out. On this ground, online dating is apt as it allows the men or women to take on to second step without facing the stressful step of asking for a date. Many men have the terrible feeling of facing women, and hence in traditional dating men face less chance of getting women for dating. The world today is extremely fast and people need everything done in less time and effort. In that case , online dating looks enticing and worth appreciating. But people forget that things done in a minimum time especially human relationship can be hazardous rather than useful .Dating is a phenomena which involves love, passion , trust and confidence and to gauge these entire human qualities one need to take time and use efforts. So here we can find that to acquire quality in human relationship, one need to approach traditional dating. In traditional dating, people have enough time to observe a girl in a social environment or in neighborhood and ask her for a date in an informal manner. Normally, online dating allows people to analyze a person completely, but this analysis is solely depends on the authenticity of the information provided. Many a times, it is hard to determine the quality of the information provided online. In traditional dating, people are meeting only in real and get to know each other in a realistic environment. It is a matter of lives of people and a person deceiving another